李婷婷 韩月华 安若楠 李淑杏* 唐启群

作者单位：063210 河北省唐山市，华北理工大学护理与康复学院   基金项目：河北省高等学院人文社会科学研究项目（编号：SD2022098）* 通讯作者

【摘要】 目的 了解养老机构老年人健康促进生活方式现状，分析其影响因素，为养老机构老年人制订健康策略提供依据。方法 通过整群抽样的方法于2021 年9 月- 2022 年7 月抽取唐山市11 个区县，50 家养老机构的696 名老年人为调查对象，采用健康促进生活方式量表（HPLP-IIR）、孤独感量表（USL-6)、日常生活活动能力量表、痴呆恐惧量表（FODS）进行问卷调查。结果 养老机构老年人健康促进生活方式得分为77.76±13.97 分，营养维度均分最高3.05±0.59 分，体育运动维度均分最低1.27±0.39 分；多元线性逐步回归显示，有无结交朋友（β =14.281）、日常生活活动能力（β =-4.149）、痴呆恐惧（β =-6.635）、与家人的关系（β =-2.570）、文化程度（β =1.409）、年龄（β =-1.905）、机构生活是否充实（β =-2.785）是养老机构老年人健康促进生活方式的影响因素（P <0.05）。结论 养老机构老年人健康促进生活方式水平一般，且受多因素影响，需制定针对性的干预措施，以提高养老机构老年人的健康水平。

【关键词】 养老机构；老年人；健康促进生活方式；痴呆恐惧

中图分类号 D669.6;R47 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1671-0223(2023)06-429-06

Current status and influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle of the elderly in nursing homes Li Tingting, Han Yuehua, An Ruonan, Li Shuxing,Tang Qiqun College of Nursing and Rehabilitation, North China University ofScience and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status of health-promoting lifestyle of the elderly in nursing homes and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for formulating health strategies for the elderly in nursing homes. Methods From September 2021 to July 2022, 696 elderly people from 50 nursing homes in 11 districts and counties of Tangshan were selected by cluster sampling. The self-designed general information questionnaire, Health Promoting Lifestyle Scale (HPLP-IIR), Loneliness Scale (USL-6), Activities of Daily Living Scale and Fear of Dementia Scale (FODS) were used to conduct the questionnaire survey. Results The total score of health-promoting lifestyle was 77.76±13.97, the average score of nutrition dimension was the highest 3.05±0.59, and the average score of physical exercise dimension was the lowest 1.27±0.39. Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that Whether to make friends (β =14.281), activities of

daily living (β =-4.149), dementia fear (β =-6.635), relationship with family (β =-2.570), education level (β =1.409), age (β =-1.905), institutional life is full (β =-2.785) were the elderly in nursing institutions influencing factors of human health promoting lifestyle (P <0.05). Conclusion The level of health-promoting lifestyle of the elderly in nursing homes is

not high and is affected by many factors. It is necessary to formulate targeted intervention measures to improve the health level of the elderly in nursing homes.

【Key words】 Elder-care institution; The elderly; Health-promoting lifestyle; Fear of dementia